Службова атестація та якість трудового життя

Purpose – to identify the relationship between performance appraisal and quality of working life. Explicitly, investigate the effects of firms’ performance appraisal on quality of working life (QWL). Design/Method/Approach. The study is based on the three businesses data operating in the Republic of Kosovo with ninety-seven (n=97) individual respondents (employees). The study’s questionnaires of the study were prepared, the responses obtained, the econometric model was constructed to empirically test this relationship, and the questionnaires data were processed by the IBM SPSS v.25.0 program as a tool to provide the statistic findings. Results and proposals are brought forward by the matched t-test, independent t-test sample, ANOVA, and regression, which were applied for testing hypotheses. Findings. Econometric results suggested that applying performance appraisal in the correct way and for appropriate goals, improves job satisfaction, employees’ satisfaction, motivation to employees, and as a result the quality of working life. Theoretical implications. The theoretical significance of this study is the increases of opinion and the change of judgment for the effects of performance appraisal on quality of working life. Practical implications. The practical benefit of this study is that it can provide a guideline for managers to apply performance appraisal in the correct manner to increase the quality of working life, and as a result to improve their organization’s performance. Originality/Value. The importance of quality of working life has been recognized. It is the first paper that examines the relationship between performance appraisal and quality of working life and finds out their interactions using quantitative methods. Research limitations/Future research. Predictions for further research are to analyze the relation of performance appraisal parameters and QWL, adding other variables that mediate or moderate the relation of these two variables.   Paper type – empirical.Цель работы – выявить взаимосвязи между оценкой производительности и качеством трудовой жизни. Явным образом исследовать влияние оценки деятельности фирм на качество трудовой жизни (QWL). Дизайн/Метод/План исследования. Исследование основано на данных трех предприятий, действующих в Республике Косово, с девяносто семью (n=97) отдельными респондентами (работниками). На основе подготовленных опросников получены ответы и разработана эконометрическая модель для эмпирической проверки взаимосвязи. Результаты опроса обработаны с помощью программы IBM SPSS v.25.0 в качестве инструмента для предоставления статистических результатов. Результаты и предложения выдвигаются с помощью согласованного критерия Стьюдента, независимого образца критерия Стьюдента, ANOVA и регрессии, которые применялись для проверки гипотез. Результаты исследования. Эконометрические результаты свидетельствуют о том, что проведение служебной аттестации соответствующим образом и для соответствующих целей повышает удовлетворенность работой, удовлетворенность сотрудников, мотивацию сотрудников и, как следствие, качество трудовой жизни. Теоретическое значение исследования. Расширено мнение и изменены суждения о влиянии служебной аттестации на качество трудовой жизни. Практическое значение исследования. Практическая польза исследования заключается в том, что, основываясь на его результатах, руководство получает рекомендации по надлежащему осуществлению оценки производительности (служебной аттестации) для повышения качества трудовой жизни и, как следствие, для повышения эффективности организации. Оригинальность/Ценность/Научная новизна исследования. Признана важность качества трудовой жизни. Это первая статья, в которой изучена взаимосвязь между служебной аттестацией и качеством трудовой жизни и выяснено их взаимодействие с применением количественных методов. Ограничение исследования/Перспективы дальнейших исследований. В дальнейших исследованиях возможно проанализировать соотношение параметров оценки производительности и QWL, добавляя другие переменные, которые опосредуют или уменьшают соотношение этих двух переменных.   Тип статьи – эмпирический.Мета роботи – визначити взаємозв'язок між службовим атестуванням та якістю робочого життя. Явним чином дослідити вплив оцінок результативності фірм на якість робочого життя (QWL). Дизайн/Метод/План дослідження. Дослідження базується на даних трьох підприємств, що діють у Республіці Косово, дев'яносто сім (n = 97) окремих респондентів (службовців). Були підготовлені опитувальники дослідження, отримані відповіді, економетрична модель була побудована для емпіричного випробування цього взаємозв'язку, а дані анкети були оброблені програмою IBM SPSS v.25.0 як інструмент для надання статистичних висновків. Результати та пропозиції висуваються на відповідність t-тесту, незалежному тестовому зразку, ANOVA та регресії, які були застосовані для тестування гіпотез. Результати дослідження. Економетричні результати свідчать про те, що проведення службової атестації відповідним чином і для відповідних цілей покращує задоволеність роботою, задоволеність працівників і мотивацію працівників та, як результат, якість робочого життя. Теоретичне значення дослідження. Розширено думки та змінено судження стосовно впливу службового атестування на якість робочого життя. Практичне значення дослідження. Практична користь дослідження полягає в тому, що за його результатами керівництво отримує рекомендації стосовно належного здійснення оцінки продуктивності (службового атестування) для підвищення якості робочого життя і, як результат, для покращення результатів роботи своєї організації. Оригінальність/Цінність/Наукова новизна дослідження. Визнано важливість якості трудового життя. Це перша стаття, у якій вивчено взаємозв'язок між службовою атестацією та якістю робочого життя і з'ясовано їх взаємодію за допомогою кількісних методів. Обмеження дослідження/Перспективи подальших досліджень. Прогнози для подальших досліджень полягають у аналізі співвідношення параметрів оцінки ефективності та QWL, додаючи інші змінні, що опосередковують або зменшують відношення цих двох змінних.   Тип статті – емпіричний

A conceptual framework of transformational leadership as an influential tool in the team performance

Purpose of this paper is to identify the relationship between the transformational leadership approach and team performance, to analyze the existing literature that expresses the role of transformational leadership on team performance and to create a guideline for the leaders to increase their performance. Design/ Method/ Approach - To achieve the purpose of the study 86 articles and books were analyzed in terms of transformational leadership, team performance, and the relationship between these two concepts. Findings - Leadership is one of the essential words in today's organizational direction. Despite that, transformational leadership has excellent attention on leadership theory. A few numbers of researches are done on analyzing the relationship between transformational leadership and team performance. The findings show that transformational leadership remains the most crucial leadership style in improving team performance. Theoretical implications - This study's theoretical significance increases opinion and change of judgment for performance appraisal on the working life quality. Practical implications - The practical benefit of this study is that it provides a guideline for managers use the leadership style correctly to increase the performance of a team, and as a result their organization. Originality/ Value - The originality of the study is that no one researcher before has analyzed the relationship between transformational leadership and team performance, like this study, which includes analyzing the existing literature over 50 years of research made on this topic by numerous researchers. Research limitations/ Future research - The projections for further research are to analyze the relationship between the transformational leadership approach and team performance, add other dimensions, and measure their common effects on such relationship. Paper type - theoretical

The Impact of Organizational Changes on Increasing SMEs Competitiveness

Nowadays changes are compulsory for an organization in order to survive and stay competitive in a market. This paper discusses the aspects of understanding the general framework for an effective and efficient implementation of the organizational changes, as well as, their impact on motivation, employment, responsibility, competitive abilities, and it compares the measurable units of the capacity development for organizational changes. Besides, it focuses on creative dimensions and change management, new organizational knowledge, reward systems, managerial behavior, and organizational culture as a result of the organizational changes. Also, this study argues the value of organizational culture that needs to be shared between organization employees in order to help perform their duties as an important unit of the organizational change success. To obtain the results of this study are processed data of 200 SMEs that operate their activity in the Republic of Kosovo. These data were processed mainly using IBM SPSS software. The findings indicate that the proper organizational change management may help SMEs to be more successful in relation to the competition. And that the biggest challenge that successful managers face is to lead continuously the organizational systems toward the highest stages of organizational development. Moreover, results have shown that changes in the factors such as: organizational dimensions and organizational characteristics are closely related to competitive capability and organizational culture of the SMEs, as well as, changes in organizational culture may increase the competitive capability of SMEs in the competitive market.&nbsp

The Effect of Factors Industrial and Internal to the Firm’s Performance

In this article we analyse the effect of factors industrial and internal to the firm’s performance. Industrial and internal factors are the important issue in today's business environment, which changes constantly. If the enterprise wants to survive, grow and increase profits it must change its strategies continuously. The need for change comes from two main premises: industrial environment and internal environment. From the industrial environment treated competitive forces as (rivalry among competitors, the power of buyers, power of suppliers, the threat of new products, the threat of new entrants), forces that are uncontrollable by the enterprise. Meanwhile, the internal environment is established in the organization, destined to fulfill any requests from external environment. The aim of this paper is to show the linking of industry factors and internal factors on the performance of firms in Kosovo. The methodology used in the paper is a combination of qualitative and quantitative data. Results of the research are processed data of 97 firms that implement their activity in Kosovo, the data are collected in two different period times 2015 and 2017, and were processed with the help of SPSS v 23. The results show that internal business factors have a larger positive impact on firm’s performance than industry factors.&nbsp

Barriers hindering the entry of new firms to the competitive market and profitability of incumbents

Recently, entering new firms into a competitive market is getting harder due to different industry barriers. Addressing this concern, the aim of this paper is to measure the relationship between industry barriers that prevent the entry of new rivals and increase the profitability of incumbent firms. The study was based on the data of one hundred and seven executives of firms that operate in the Republic of Kosovo, and it attempts to assert and order the market entry barriers. The responses were collected by questionnaires and the econometric model was constructed, to test this relationship. The findings were obtained using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multivariate regression. Econometric results indicated that seven dimensions of industry barriers have a direct and positive impact on the profitability of incumbents and serve as barriers for new firms to enter the market, and showed that business executives in Kosovo perceive capital requirements of non-incumbents as the most important entry barrier, whereas access to distribution channels as the least important. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed and explained

Does competitive strategy moderate the linkage between HRM practices and company performance

The purpose of this study is to examine the moderating role of competitive strategies (CS) in the relationship between HRM practices and company performance (CP). Although the existing literature adequately addresses HRM practices and CS, there is limited empirical evidence linking internal resources and strategies with CP. Therefore, using the contingency approach, this study uncovers the role of CS in realizing the potential impact of HRM practices on CP. The data used to test, explore, and develop the moderating role of CS were collected from 157 manufacturing companies and analyzed using hierarchical linear regression. The results show a positive effect of HRM practices and CS on CP. The results also show that cost leadership strategy and differentiation strategy moderate the relationship between HRM practices and CP. The theoretical and managerial implications of these results are discussed

The Impact of Informal Economy in the Development of SMEs - Evidence from Kosovo (2008-2012)

This paper discusses the relationship between the informal economy and the development of SMEs in Kosovo. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the informal economy, its causes, effects and its impact on business, as well as government policies to combat the informal economy which is a barrier to business development in Kosovo. During the period of transition, the number of small and medium businesses increased significantly, but their existence depends on external factors, such as informality. The informal economy is present in countries that are structurally and economically fragile, a structure which enables businesses to leave out the formal way of doing business. To meet the objective of this paper we usedthe observation method to analyze the data from different authors and reports about the informal economy and the development of SMEs. Among the key factors for the growth of informality are high taxes which are seen as an obstacle to business growth. According to the outcomes of this paper, we conclude that the informal economy is an obstacle to SME development in Kosovo. This study makes a significant contribution to the scientific and academic value, to the informal economy in the development of SMEs in Kosovo, in the region and beyond

Business Incubators as a Factor for the Development of SMEs in Kosovo

This paper treats the role of business incubators in the increase of small and middle enterprises in Kosovo. Business incubators offer the opportunity of growth of SMEs in the start-up phase by creating a comfortable supportive environment for a certain time since their establishment. According to the literature, the business incubator is an important instrument for local, national and beyond economic development. Knowing the difficulties that start-ups face, business incubators enable start-ups to have access in: managerial assistance, mentorship, finances, Office space for the lower price than the market price, flexible rental, technical support services, common management services and secretary as well as other support services. Their opportunities are welcomed and hopeful for the initial phases of the development of SME in Kosovo. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the role of incubators and their impact on business development in Kosovo using the analytical approach. To achieve the objective of this paper, we have analyzed data from existing literature of various authors and reports for the role of business incubators. According to results derived from this paper, we came to a conclusion that business incubators are the main factor for the development of SME and consequently, overall economic growth in Kosovo